Power Systems Protection - Control and Stability Training
This course has been designed to give engineers, electricians, and field technicians a better appreciation of the role played by Power System Protection systems. An understanding of power systems along with correct management will increase your equipment efficiency and performance as well as increasing safety for all concerned.
The course is designed to provide excellent understanding on both a theoretical and practical level. The course starts at a basic level, to ease the engineer and technician into the perhaps forgotten art of studying, and provide a refresher to those who are more familiar with the basic topics covered. The course then moves onto more detailed applications.
The course features an introduction covering the need for protection, fault types and their effects, simple calculations of short circuit currents, and system earthing. The course also includes some practical work, simple fault calculations, relay settings, and the checking of a current transformer magnetization curve.
- Fault types and their effects
- Active, incipient, passive, transient, asymmetrical
- Phase and earth faults
- System Earthing
- Solid, impedance, touch potentials
- Effect of electric shock
- Earth leakage protection
- Protection System Components Including Fuses
- History, construction, and characteristics
- Energy let through and applications
- Instrument Transformers
- Current transformers: construction, performance, specification, magnetization curves
- Voltage transformers: types, accuracy, connections
- Circuit Breakers
- Purpose and duty, clearance times, types
- Tripping Batteries
- Battery types, chargers, maintenance, D.C. circuitry
- Relays
- Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) relay
- Construction principles and setting
- Calculation of settings – practical examples
- New Era – modern numerical relays and future trends
- Practical Demonstrations And Sessions
- Including simple fault calculations and relay settings
- Co-ordination by time grading
- Problems in applying IDMT relays
- Low Voltage Networks
- Air and molded circuit breakers
- Construction and installation
- Protection tripping characteristics
- Selective co-ordination (current limiting, earth leakage protection, cascading)
- Principles of Unit Protection
- Differential protection – basic principles
- Feeder Protection
- Cables
- Pilot wire differential
- Overhead lines
- Distance protection (basic principles, characteristics, various schemes)
- Transformer Protection
- Phase shift, magnetizing in-rush, inter-turn, core and tank faults
- Differential and restricted earth fault schemes
- Bucholz relay, oil, and winding temperature
- Oil – testing and gas analysis
- Switchgear (Busbar) Protection
- Requirements, zones, types
- Frame leakage
- Reverse blocking
- High, medium and low impedance schemes
- Motor Protection
- Thermal overload, time constraints, early relays, starting and stalling conditions
- Unbalanced supply voltages, negative sequence currents, de-rating factors
- Phase faults protection
- Earth faults – core balance, residual stabilizing resistors
- Generator Protection
- Stator and Rotor faults
- Overload and over-voltage
- Reverse power, unbalanced loading
- Loss of excitation and synchronism
- Typical protection scheme for industrial generators
- Overhead Line Protection
- Basic principles of the distance relay
- Tripping characteristics
- Application onto power lines
- Effect of load current and arc resistance
- Various schemes using power line carrier
- Management of Protection
- Routine and annual testing, investigation and performance assessment, upgrading
This course has been designed to give engineers, electricians, and field technicians a better appreciation of the role played by Power System Protection systems. An understanding of power systems along with correct management will increase your equipment efficiency and performance as well as increasing safety for all concerned.
The course is designed to provide excellent understanding on both a theoretical and practical level. The course starts at a basic level, to ease the engineer and technician into the perhaps forgotten art of studying, and provide a refresher to those who are more familiar with the basic topics covered. The course then moves onto more detailed applications.
The course features an introduction covering the need for protection, fault types and their effects, simple calculations of short circuit currents, and system earthing. The course also includes some practical work, simple fault calculations, relay settings, and the checking of a current transformer magnetization curve.